-IThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in public sector governance is reshaping administrative efficiency and service delivery across nations. Namibia, in particular, is navigating this transformation by strategically deploying AI-driven solutions to enhance policy formulation, decision-making, and operational efficiency within government institutions. This case study explores Namibia’s approach to AI adoption, examining its regulatory frameworks, infrastructural readiness, and socio-economic implications. It also explores the impact of AI on public sector efficiency, accessibility, and innovation, highlighting its role in streamlining administrative processes, enhancing decision-making, and improving citizen engagement. By aligning its AI strategies with regional policies and international best practices, Namibia aims to foster transparent, ethical, and sustainable AI governance. The Namibian government has started integrating AI-driven solutions in areas such as healthcare, taxation, and public safety, promising increased responsiveness and resource optimization. While AI presents opportunities for service optimization, challenges such as data security, algorithmic bias, digital infrastructure, ethical concerns and workforce preparedness remain critical considerations. The study highlights the potential impact of AI on public administration, emphasizing the importance of responsible implementation, stakeholder collaboration, and adaptive policy frameworks in ensuring effective and equitable AI-driven governance.

-The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of product quality on purchase decisions in the TikTok Shop application. The method used is PLS/SEM with 300 respondents distributed via Google form. The object of research in this study is Generation Z (Gen-Z) in Batam City who make purchases through the TikTok Shop application. The results of this study can be used as empirical evidence, for factors that influence purchase decisions on the TikTok Shop application. In the next stage, the results of this study can be used as a basis for developing a more comprehensive search by adding more research variables. The results of this study will provide information about the factors that influence purchase decisions in the TikTok Shop application. Then in the next stage, the results of this study will be the basis for creating a new and more effective marketing strategy in its implementation

-Emerging economies face the dual challenge of fostering socioeconomic development while maintaining fiscal and institutional stability. Financial sustainability defined as the ability to manage resources efficiently, generate consistent revenue, and absorb economic shocks has emerged as a critical pillar in achieving long-term development goals such as poverty reduction, equitable access to services, and inclusive growth. This paper explores the dynamic interplay between financial sustainability and socioeconomic development in emerging economies, evaluating how sound fiscal policies, diversified revenue streams, and responsible debt management contribute to resilience and growth. Drawing on case studies and macroeconomic data, it critically examines policy trade-offs, institutional constraints, and the role of international financial cooperation. The findings underscore that while financial sustainability does not guarantee development, its absence severely undermines progress. The study concludes by advocating for integrated fiscal strategies tailored to local contexts that balance short-term development needs with long-term financial viability.

-Foodborne parasitic infections pose a significant public health concern worldwide, with beef and pork being major contributors to this burden. This systematic review examines the critical role of cooking beef and pork in safeguarding public health from parasitic infections. A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, was conducted, yielding 50 relevant articles that highlight the importance of proper cooking and handling practices in preventing parasitic infections. The findings emphasize that cooking beef and pork to the recommended internal temperature is essential to prevent parasitic infections. Moreover, education and awareness are crucial, as many individuals are unaware of the risks associated with undercooked meat. The study's findings have significant implications for public health policy and practice, informing recommendations to prioritize food safety, avoid undercooked or raw meat, and adopt proper food handling and storage practices. The Health Belief Model provides a useful framework for understanding the factors that influence individuals' decisions to adopt safe food handling and cooking practices. Ultimately, proper cooking and handling practices, combined with education and awareness, are essential for preventing parasitic infections and promoting a healthier food system.

-Gender-based violence (GBV) in Namibia has reached crisis levels, demanding urgent national and international attention. Despite legal frameworks such as the Combating of Domestic Violence Act of 2003, the prevalence of GBV remains alarmingly high, with nearly one in three Namibian women aged 15–49 experiencing violence at the hands of a partner (UNFPA, 2022). GBV remains deeply entrenched in socio-cultural norms and systemic inequalities (UNFPA, 2015). This abstract critically explores the systemic drivers of GBV, including patriarchal norms, economic inequality, and institutional shortcomings, while evaluating current interventions and highlighting gaps in policy enforcement and survivor support. The Namibia Demographic and Health Survey (2013) revealed that 33% of ever-married women aged 15–49 have experienced physical, sexual, or emotional violence from a partner. Alarmingly, 28% of women and 22% of men justified wife-beating under certain circumstances, reflecting the normalization of abuse (NDHS, 2013). Between 2012 and 2016, the Namibian Police recorded over 22,000 cases of grievous bodily harm and nearly 3,000 rapes, underscoring the scale of the epidemic (UNFPA, 2015). Structural drivers such as poverty, alcohol abuse, and inadequate justice responses further exacerbate the crisis (Gov.na, 2017). Through a multidisciplinary lens, this paper calls for a national paradigm shift centred on survivor-led advocacy, law reform, gender-sensitive education, and community accountability mechanisms to dismantle the root causes of GBV and end the culture of impunity that enables its persistence. Namibia continues to experience high rates of gender-based violence, with widespread normalization rooted in harmful gender stereotypes and power imbalances (UNFPA, 2022). Recent studies have emphasized that interventions must shift from reactive criminal justice responses to preventative, community-based strategies that engage men and boys (LeBeau et al., 2020; IPPR, 2025).

-In the diverse landscape of UTAR (Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman) Kampar, Malaysia, Dewan Tun Dr. Ling Liong Sik building stands as a beacon of Chinese art identity amidst a backdrop of pluralism. This article explores the pivotal role played by Dewan Tun Dr. Ling Liong Sik in fostering and preserving Chinese cultural heritage within the university community. Through a multidimensional analysis, it delves into the architectural, art elements, and socio-cultural meaning aspects of the building, examining how it serves as both a physical space and a symbolic representation of Chinese identity. Moreover, the article investigates the challenges and opportunities encountered in maintaining cultural integrity within a multicultural environment, highlighting the strategies employed by UTAR Kampar to promote inclusivity while celebrating diversity. By examining the legacy of Dewan Tun Dr. Ling Liong Sik, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersection between architecture, identity, and pluralism in contemporary Malaysian society.

-What is toponymy? Under this somewhat complex name lies the study of the meaning and origin of place names and their successive transformations. In Morocco, toponymy has found an especially interesting field to study and valorize, given the diverse peoples that have converged and merged in our country. Toponymy examines not only the names of inhabited places, cities, villages, and landmarks, but also those of mountains and rivers. These are the oldest names, the toponymic fossils, as it is first the mountain, hill, or river that is given a name. Over time, the original meaning of a toponym can become obscure or even disappear, but the search for the meaning of place names remains a fundamental need. Toponyms offer more than just their meanings. Through their origins, formation processes, evolution over time, and how they are used by speakers, they express a set of selective and significant representations of space. These representations are dynamic and not fixed, primarily produced in the languages from which they originate. Often, toponyms undergo reinterpretations, either scholarly or popular, which reassign semantic significance to them. This reflects a continual desire to take or reclaim ownership of the spaces we inhabit. Such phenomena frequently occur during language shifts, resulting in a lack of understanding of the previous language among the majority of users. A reflection on toponymy is urgent, especially considering the ongoing urbanization that disregards ancient names still preserved in oral memory. People do not live without connections; they inscribe themselves in space and time by naming the places they traverse. Why disregard ancient names and replace them with others devoid of historical or cultural significance? Why prefer new names over toponyms laden with meaning and history? In fact, oasis toponyms establish a connection to our ancestors, serving as landmarks and aiding in the spatial inscription of settlements and inhabitants. Oasis dwellers indeed need ties to their seemingly simple yet complex territories. This may be one way to combat the feeling of uprootedness and withdrawal into oneself. In general, we aim to demonstrate that the perception of space through toponymic designation is not fixed and that understanding a toponym requires a comprehensive view of its history and the various motivations it carries. Through our communication, we strive to scientifically clarify these concepts and the semantic field of the terms expressing them. In our view, this exercise is essential to continue the Amazigh onomastic research.

-Climate change has significant and far-reaching impacts on displaced population such as refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs). Climate change is intricately linked to resource scarcity, conflicts, and insecurity in refugee and IDP humanitarian situations with varying impacts. Climate change exacerbates resource scarcity by altering weather patterns, leading to extreme events such as droughts, floods, and storms. The changes have significantly reduced the availability of essential resources like water, food, and arable land in some regions creating competition. Resource scarcity driven by climate change has acted as a catalyst for conflicts between some communities creating an environment of insecurity. Humanitarian contexts in conflict and fragile post conflict situations, climate change has exacerbated existing insecurity for refugees and IDPs. Refugees and IDPs are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change because of their inherent difficult situations and vulnerabilities in foreign lands and far away from home. Recognizing the complex interconnections between climate change, resource scarcity, conflict, and insecurity, this paper investigates the multifaceted and interdependent dimensions of these relationships in refugee and IDP humanitarian situations. By examining existing literature and case studies, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how climate-induced resource scarcity exacerbates conflicts and insecurity, impacting on the well-being of refugee and IDPs. The key considerations will inform strategies to enhance resilience and security for refugees and IDPs in face of climate change, offering valuable insights for humanitarian organizations and policymakers.