Tofu is one of the most consumed foods because of its delicious taste, low price and high protein content. The tofu industry in Indonesia has experienced a relatively rapid increase both on a small, medium and large scale. However, the production process is still carried out traditionally involving many tools and materials and is feared to cause food contamination that can endanger health. The quality of a product can be maintained if the manufacturer has a system that ensures the product meets the standards set. In addition, every food industry is required to have a Home Industry Food Production Certificate (SPP-IRT). To obtain SPPIRT, several aspects are assessed by the CPPB standard regulated by BPOM. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of CPPB-IRT using the CPPB-WISE standard and provide suggestions for improvement. The results showed there are 14 CPPB-WISE criteria, and the suitability of the implementation of CPPB-WISE in the Tofu industry was 58%.shows the need for improvement in the production process to comply with the established standards. Priority improvements are carried out using the brainstorming method to obtain improvement priorities on four criteria: storage, employee health and hygiene, equipment cleanliness and production area. Improvements include implementing a 5S work culture, poster making and preparing Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). Evaluation and proposed improvements can help the Tofu industry improve the production process and working conditions.

Globally, university partnerships and collaborations have been identified as key pillars in technology transfer which translates to development outcomes for society. Kenyan universities have been facing many challenges especially low financing and high enrolment which have affected their roles in as far as development of technology is concerned. Through the Kenya Vision 2030 strategy and the Big Four Agenda, there has been intensified efforts to strengthen university linkages with firms/industries with the aim of achieving industrialization. In this study descriptive survey design with a multiple case analysis approach was used to analyze the mediating role of universities in achievement of industrialization in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were: to determine the extent of technology transfer from universities to industries in Kenya, to establish the causal relationship between universities and Industries in Kenya and to find out the hindrances to the linkage between universities and Industries in Kenya. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected. The respondents of the study were purposively selected due to the unique nature of the study. This study established that both public and private universities in Kenya are the main source of technology transfer to firms, even though the products/services are not visible in the market. The study further revealed that there was no causal relationship between universities and firms/industries in Kenya implying that technology transfer was one way. Finally this study identified several hindrances to linkages between universities and firms/industries which include: over-reliance on imported products/services, poor education systems and competing interests between universities and firms/industries. Policy recommendations include institutionalized linkages between universities and firms/industries, promotion of multidisciplinary approach to learning and research and a complementary relationship between universities and firms/industries rather than competition.

This paper presents a summary of several studies on the use of ergonomics in the military. The purpose of this research was to analyze the value of ergonomics in the military field. To collect, identify, and evaluate problems in the military field, this study used a literature review study method. The data used in this study were secondary data sources. The relevant journals as the research data were obtained from Google Scholar and Scopus. "The application of ergonomics in the military field" was the keyword used in the article search. The review showed that ergonomics issues in the military field were important to apply to overcome the soldiers that may become easily tired and uncomfortable when wearing the clothes. This review concludes that the application of ergonomics in the military field by paying attention to the design of the related clothing is very important.

Nigeria has in abundance rich forest resources but as the years passes it has suffered from large scale deforestation due to over-population and higher demand for wood/ wood products. Harvesting of timber without the permission of the owner or not paying for timber that was harvested with the permission of the owner puts humans/animals at risk of having a quality life; we put at stake the stability of climate, and endanger the existence of other species. This paper review examined and evaluated the various causes of timber theft, adverse effect of timber theft on the environment and economic atmosphere of the forest, constraints to reducing timber theft and ascertained perceived ways forward to reduce timber theft. While corruption, poverty and poor agricultural practices are some of the causes of timber theft, government weakness in parts or in entirety (that is, conflicts and war), failure of institutional controls, and absence of accountability by public officials are some of the motives for timber theft. Failure to assign a proper value to forests predisposes it to being cleared especially when regarded as a public good. Insufficient manpower, absence of equipment/lack of capacity building, government preferences and much importance on revenue generation as against the conservation of biodiversity are some of the challenges faced by forest reserve protection bodies. This paper recommends that forestry department should embark on community based forest management system, necessary financial support should be provided for the forestry officials by government in other to allow them carry out their work at the appointed time and effectively.

Rural development is more than ever before linked to entrepreneurship. Now a day’s Institutions and individuals promoting rural development see entrepreneurship as a strategic development interference that could speed up the rural development progression. However, entrepreneurship stands as a vehicle to improve the quality of life for individuals, families and communities to sustain a healthy economy and environment. The entrepreneurial point of reference to rural development accepts entrepreneurship as the central force of economic growth and development, without it other factors of development will be wasted. The acceptance of entrepreneurship as a central development force by itself will not lead to rural development and the advancement of rural enterprises. There is an urgent need to enable environment entrepreneurship in rural areas, Gómez-Araujo, E. J. (2012). The existence of such an environment depends on policies promoting rural entrepreneurship. The efficiency of such policies in turn depends on an intangible structure about entrepreneurship, i.e., what it is and where it comes from.

Microfinance institutions are a viable way of poverty alleviation in Zambia. However, from inception of microfinance Institutions in the country, the main concern was the social performance of the institutions neglecting business or financial wellbeing of the organizations. For sustainable ways of alleviation poverty, the Microfinance institutions needed to have strong and sound financial performance by lending more and more without much segregation which is reflected by an increase in the loan portfolio. It further refers to the financial profitability and viability or the ability of MFIs to cover operating expenses by its operating revenue, which are measured by the return on assets (ROA) and operating self-sufficient ratio (OSS) Concerns were raised in the Microfinance transparency report in 2011 that ¡®¡®the MFI industry in Zambia had poor financial performance indicating that it was below African standards.¡± The main aim of this study therefore assessed the financial inclusion and performance of MFIs in rural districts of Zambia from 2021 to 2022. This research was focused mainly on the outreach of microfinance institutions to rural areas and help in alleviating the stinking poverty levels for the rural dwellers as well as to ascertain whether the microfinance institutions in Zambia have high outreach to the poor from the inception in the early 2000. The research methodology used was pure descriptive research design. The population under consideration was all prudentially regulated 24 MFIs in Zambia 4 of them being the rural area. Data was collected using mostly secondary sources such as financial statements from Finca, AMIZ, Finca, FFC and the MIX market; however primary sources were also used by the use of questionnaires. Data was analysed using locality analysis, trend analysis and loan accessibility by the target clientele e.g. government workers, business men and farmers.

This paper reviews the role of strategic management, how critical it is in the organization into today¡¯s operations organization , how strategies works and how it can help see the organization in a different dimension of strategic position in turn see the increasing of the customer expectation. The paper also continues to see how strategies may see the organization have competition and improve the the organization wants to its self be in future. The paper focuses on the processes on how strategies may be implemented in the organization, expanding on the mission, visions and discussing on how the strategic development and coming up with the systems that may bring the analytical way and come up with the solutions to the challenges the organizations may be faced with. The paper in addition discusses the incremental view of the strategies that may be used in the organization. This paper also describes the trends in the organizations, challenges faced by people in the organizations, new ways of operating, new relationship, and how strategies can add value to the organization. The paper will be discussing how the strategies becomes routine and how it may be complexes and how strategies may addressed problems and in turn come with solutions to the problem.

This research focuses on three things: the analysis of U.S Exceptionalism, the implications of U.S Exceptionalism on Indonesia's economic growth, and technical analysis to find the momentum to enter the US stock market. The variables used as a proxy for U.S Exceptionalism are M2, the MSCI Index, and the US Bond Yield. An explanation of the U.S Exceptionalism phenomenon that is occurring in the United States throughout 2021, is carried out through variance decomposition analysis with economic growth as the central variable. This study uses the Moving Average Convergence / Divergence (MACD) to find the momentum to enter the US stock market. The results show that the three variables representing US exceptionalism have contributed to Indonesia's economic growth sequentially; MSCI was 24.33%, US Bond Yield was 7.41%, and M2 was 5.59%. Meanwhile, for a time the phenomenon of U.S Exceptionalism contributed 30.13% to Indonesia's economic growth. From the technical analysis, we can find three entry points that can be used to enter the US stock market throughout 2021, namely in March 2021, June 2021, and October 2021.

This paper reviews the role of human resource management (HRM) which, today, plays a strategic partnership role in management. The focus is to outline the origins and the recent main changes and developments in the employment relationship, to debate the nature of HRM phenomenon and the different perspectives from which it is viewed: as a restatement of existing personnel practice, as a new managerial discipline and repositioning of human resource. This paper further describes the trends in organizations, challenges faced by people in the organizations, new ways of operating, new relationship, and how HRM can add value to the organization and as a strategic and international function.

The study aimed to establish whether Maamba Collieries Limited, a mining company in the Sinazongwe District of Zambia contributes to risk communication (advancing knowledge about risk issues, influencing risk-related behavior, and facilitating cooperative resolution). The study adopted an Evaluative Survey Design and employed both quantitative and qualitative methods to complement data analysis. It also explored the extent to which risk messages influence people¡¯s lives by modeling the relationships between risk-related emotive and cognitive contexts in which these factors are embedded. The research employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. The sample size for the study comprised 180 people living around the mine area, 17 Maamba Collieries Limited employees in their capacity, and 3 from Zambia Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA). The study used purposive sampling (non-probability) to ensure the inclusion of relevant individuals from pertinent categories (McNeil,2001). The study used questionnaires, interview guides, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The major findings show that Maamba Collieries Limited has fully implemented a risk communication policy in the area of its operation despite mixed views by the respondents who showed no knowledge of MCL¡¯s efforts to communicate risks associated with mining. Overall the study concluded that Maamba Collieries Limited has contributed to risk management by among other measures complying with Government laws related to mining and management of risks associated with mining. The study recommends that the negative attitudes exhibited by some sections of the community on risk perceptions be managed well to avoid negative impacts on the well-built reputation of and compliance with the local laws by Maamba Collieries Limited. Further, it is recommended that Maamba Collieries Limited may consider enhancing a specific risk communication policy that could further be jointly implemented in collaboration with the community through Community Social Responsibility projects. The study recommends that the Government should include among other specific policies that may require mining companies to extensively carry out community education on regular basis highlighting the risks of living around the mining area in Zambia. The study additionally recommends that the community needs to cultivate interest in the mining activities within their communities as well as endeavor to understand the risks associated with mining activities.