-IThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in public sector governance is reshaping administrative efficiency and service delivery across nations. Namibia, in particular, is navigating this transformation by strategically deploying AI-driven solutions to enhance policy formulation, decision-making, and operational efficiency within government institutions. This case study explores Namibia’s approach to AI adoption, examining its regulatory frameworks, infrastructural readiness, and socio-economic implications. It also explores the impact of AI on public sector efficiency, accessibility, and innovation, highlighting its role in streamlining administrative processes, enhancing decision-making, and improving citizen engagement. By aligning its AI strategies with regional policies and international best practices, Namibia aims to foster transparent, ethical, and sustainable AI governance. The Namibian government has started integrating AI-driven solutions in areas such as healthcare, taxation, and public safety, promising increased responsiveness and resource optimization. While AI presents opportunities for service optimization, challenges such as data security, algorithmic bias, digital infrastructure, ethical concerns and workforce preparedness remain critical considerations. The study highlights the potential impact of AI on public administration, emphasizing the importance of responsible implementation, stakeholder collaboration, and adaptive policy frameworks in ensuring effective and equitable AI-driven governance.

-The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of product quality on purchase decisions in the TikTok Shop application. The method used is PLS/SEM with 300 respondents distributed via Google form. The object of research in this study is Generation Z (Gen-Z) in Batam City who make purchases through the TikTok Shop application. The results of this study can be used as empirical evidence, for factors that influence purchase decisions on the TikTok Shop application. In the next stage, the results of this study can be used as a basis for developing a more comprehensive search by adding more research variables. The results of this study will provide information about the factors that influence purchase decisions in the TikTok Shop application. Then in the next stage, the results of this study will be the basis for creating a new and more effective marketing strategy in its implementation

-Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) are critical tools for evaluating the potential environmental, social, and economic consequences of development projects. While EIAs are widely recognized for their importance in promoting sustainable development, their effectiveness in developing countries, particularly in Nigeria, remains a subject of concern. This study assesses the effectiveness of EIAs in developing countries, with a focus on Nigeria, by analyzing the legal and institutional frameworks, the challenges faced in the implementation of EIAs, and the role of public participation in the process. Using a combination of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders, the research identifies key obstacles to the successful application of EIAs, including weak legal frameworks, insufficient institutional capacity, lack of political will, and limited public engagement. The findings reveal that while EIAs are legally required, their implementation is often hindered by inadequate enforcement, corruption, and a lack of political commitment. Public participation, a critical element of the EIA process, is often minimal, reducing the transparency and legitimacy of the process. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that strengthening legal frameworks, improving institutional capacity, enhancing political accountability, and increasing public participation are essential steps toward improving the effectiveness of EIAs. The study concludes with recommendations for reform, which include improving governance structures, enhancing public awareness, and investing in the capacity building of EIA practitioners. The insights provided aim to guide policy reforms and contribute to the broader goal of sustainable development in developing countries.

-Gas flaring remains a persistent environmental and economic challenge in Nigeria, particularly in oil-producing regions such as the Niger Delta. Despite being endowed with abundant natural gas resources, the country continues to burn significant volumes of associated gas, leading to environmental degradation, economic loss, and inefficiencies in energy management. This study investigates the impact of recent gas flaring regulations—implemented between 2021 and 2025—on Nigeria’s energy sector performance and broader economic implications. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of gas flaring volumes, GDP contributions, power generation data, and foreign direct investment (FDI) statistics with qualitative insights drawn from stakeholder interviews and policy reviews. Key regulatory instruments assessed include the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA), the Nigeria Gas Flaring Commercialisation Programme (NGFCP), and the proposed Anti-Gas Flaring Prohibition and Enforcement Bill. Statistical analysis revealed that gas flaring volumes declined by approximately 25% between 2021 and 2024, with a corresponding increase in gas utilization for electricity generation and modest improvements in oil and gas GDP contributions. However, enforcement inconsistencies, infrastructure deficits, and regulatory corruption were identified as major obstacles to full policy effectiveness. The study concludes that while regulatory frameworks have begun to yield measurable results, the lack of robust enforcement, public accountability, and gas monetization infrastructure continues to limit their full potential. Recommendations include enhancing monitoring systems, enforcing stiffer penalties, investing in flare gas capture technologies, and fostering community participation in flare site oversight. This research contributes to the policy discourse on sustainable energy governance in Nigeria and highlights the need for a more integrated approach to environmental and economic planning.