Volume 6 ~ Issue 6, (2024)


POLICING AND PROTECTION OF ROHINGYAS IN COX’S BAZAR CAMPS: EXPLORING SECURITY CHALLENGES AND EFFECTIVE POLICING
Md. Zillur Rahman,
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF
This study explores the intricate security challenges faced by the Armed Police Battalions (APBn) in the Rohingya refugee camps situated in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, which currently accommodate over 1.3 million displaced individuals. The mass exodus of Rohingyas in 2017 has resulted in a complex humanitarian crisis, creating significant security risks within and around the 33 camps in the region. As the primary law enforcement agency tasked with maintaining order and ensuring the safety of camp residents, the APBn plays a critical role in addressing these challenges, which are exacerbated by the unique socio-political context and the sheer scale of the displacement. This research employs a mixed-method approach that integrates content analysis, surveys, key informant interviews (KII), and focus group discussions (FGD) to comprehensively examine the security issues, operational difficulties, weaknesses, and limitations faced by the APBn. Through empirical investigation, the study identifies specific requirements for the APBn to enhance their effectiveness in managing security within the camps, while also recognizing the broader implications for the welfare and rights of the Rohingya population. The findings reveal a range of security dynamics, including inter-group tensions, resource scarcity, and the impact of external political factors, all of which complicate the APBn's operational capacity. By elucidating these challenges, the study aims to highlight the necessity for targeted interventions that can strengthen law enforcement capabilities and improve overall safety in the camps. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of a collaborative approach involving multiple stakeholders—such as NGOs, international agencies, and local communities—to create a more secure environment for the Rohingya. Ultimately, this study aspires to provide significant insights for local law enforcement agencies and policymakers, fostering the development of evidence-based policies that address the unique security landscape in Cox's Bazar. By promoting critical aid and establishing a robust framework for both short- and long-term countermeasures, the research aims to enhance the physical safety and security of Rohingyas in the camps, thereby contributing to the broader discourse on humanitarian protection in contexts of mass displacement. Through its comprehensive analysis, this study seeks to expand the existing body of knowledge related to the complexities of policing in humanitarian settings and the imperative for protecting vulnerable populations.

Author Keywords:- Rohingya, security, Armed Police Battalions (APBn), protection, effective policing



The Genesis of Crimes by The Rohingya Refugees and Pathways of Redress: Bangladesh Perspective
Md. Arifuzzaman, Mohammad Anowarul Wahab
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

The Rohingyas who fled from Myanmar are involved in many terrible crimes. This is increasing the fear among the locals in Teknaf and Ukhiya of Cox's Bazar. A section of Rohingyas has been involved in at least 12 types of crimes in the last four years. At this time, 3 thousand Rohingyas have been accused in 1,298 criminal cases. Displaced by the violence in Myanmar, the Rohingya have flocked to the border with Bangladesh since August 25, 2017. Over the last four years, more than 10, 00,000 Rohingyas have taken shelter in 34 camps in Ukhiya and Teknaf of Cox's Bazar. As the day progresses, a section of Rohingyas are getting involved in heinous crimes. They have been charged with 13 types of offences, including murder, kidnapping, drugs, robbery and arms. Rohingyas are being detained from one camp or the other every day. They are committing terrible crimes among themselves as well as on the locals. After visiting most of the camps and talking to the law enforcement agencies, it is reported that the camps are getting heated up day by day in the Rohingya anarchy. It is becoming difficult for the law enforcement agencies to keep the situation normal for various reasons. If this vicious cycle of crimes by the Rohingyas continues, greater Chattogram may become restive. This deadly problem can only be solved by the peaceful return of the Rohingya to their homeland.


Author Keywords:-Bangladesh, Crime, Law, Refugee and Rohingya


FEMININITIES AND MASCULINITIES IN THE CURRICULUM OF QUALIFYING FRENCH: WHAT DISCOURSE FOR WHICH CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION?
Souad Belhanafi
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

This article focuses on the representations of femininities and masculinities in French educational literature in Moroccan high schools. The objective is to examine how the image of women and men conveyed by the nine works in the qualifying program contribute - they provide education in unequal citizenship for young high school students who are future citizens


Author Keywords:-2.54 cm Gender, Representations, Education, Citizenship,


Sustainability Reporting Disclosure: Assessing The Role of Governance Committee and Ownership Concentration
Sansaloni Butar Butar, Marcelinus Anggun Dananto Kuncorojati
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of the Governance Committee, ownership concentration, and the interaction between the two variables in promoting sustainability reporting disclosure. Firm samples were selected from Indonesian Capital Market for the period of 2013-2016 and logistic regression analysis was run for the test of hypotheses. Estimation of a model that excludes an interaction variable shows that Governance Committee and ownership concentration are significantly associated with sustainability reporting disclosure at a 1% level of significance. The findings suggest that companies having Governance Committees and ownership concentration are more likely to issue sustainability reports. As for control variables, results suggest that larger-sized companies, more profitable, and higher profile are also more likely to disclose sustainability reports. On the other hand, the estimation of a model that includes an interaction variable shows that it has no effect on sustainability reporting disclosure. However, the Governance Committee and ownership concentration remain significant at 10% and 1% levels respectively. The findings suggest that the function of the Governance Committee is not affected by large shareholders.


Author Keywords:-Corporate Governance, Governance Committee, Ownership Concentration, Stakeholder Theory, Sustainability Reporting.


An Application of Marzano’s six-steps process and Digital flashcards on Vocabulary learning for Grade 12 students in Thailand
Brandon Quincy Jordan O’Donnell, Montien Chomdokmai
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

The objectives of this study were to (1) apply Marzano’s six-steps process and Digital flashcards on Vocabulary learning and (2) study the effects of Marzano’s six-steps process and Digital flashcards on Vocabulary learning for Grade 12 students in Thailand. The research design was pre-experimental design in the form of one- group Pre-test- Post-test design. The sample of this research were 25 Grade 12 students in the 2nd semester of the academic year 2023 of the school in Bangkok, Thailand by using Purposive sampling. The hypothesis was the Vocabulary post-test mean score of Grade 12 students after participation Marzano’s six-steps process and Digital flashcards on Vocabulary learning was significantly higher than Vocabulary pre-test mean score at the .05 level. The research instruments were (1) the Ten Lesson plans based on Marzano’s six-steps process and Digital flashcards, (2) Vocabulary pre-test and post-test, and (3) Satisfaction to Vocabulary learning questionnaire. The used statistics were mean, standard deviation, and t-test dependent. The results were as follows: (1) The Ten Lesson plans based on Marzano’s six-steps process and Digital flashcards on Vocabulary learning created by the researcher and were evaluated by the three experts at the good level (4.43, S.D.=0.50); (2) The Vocabulary posttest mean score (12.34 ,SD = 2.67) was significantly higher than the Vocabulary pre-test mean score (7.08 ,S.D.=0.95) at the level of .05. The hypothesis was accepted ; and (3) The average mean of the Satisfaction to Vocabulary learning of the Grade 12 students of the school in Thailand after participation Marzano’s six-steps process and Digital flashcards on Vocabulary learning was at the high level. (4.50, S.D.=0.19)


Author Keywords:- Vocabulary learning, Digital flashcards, Marzano’s six steps process, Grade 12 students


The Development of Collaborative Learning Activities in Science Subject for Grade 12 Students in Thailand
Dan Dave Payongayong Batal, Montien Chomdokmai
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

The research objectives were (1) to develop a set of Collaborative Learning Activities in the Science Subject for Grade 12 students in Thailand, (2) to compare the post-test and pretest mean score of students’ science learning achievement after and before participation the set of Collaborative Learning Activities in the Science Subject for Grade 12 students in Thailand, and (3) to compare the score of scientific literacy and the criterion of 75 percentage after participation the set of Collaborative Learning Activities in the Science Subject for Grade 12 students in Thailand. The sample for this research were the 27 Grade 12 students of the bilingual program Academic Year 2023-2024 in Sarasas Witaed Minburi School. The research instruments were (1) Lesson Plans with the Collaborative Learning Activities validated by the three experts at the good level (Mean=4.29 and SD=0.02), (2) Science Learning Achievement pretest and posttest validated by the three experts with IOC value between 0.67 – 1.00 and the reliability value by Cronbach’s alpha was 0.82, the difficulty value between 0.25-0.75 and the discrimination value between 0.25-0.87 and (3) Scientific Literacy Self-Assessment Test validated by the three experts at the good level (Mean=3.73, SD=0.37) and the reliability value by Cronbach’s alpha was 0.81.The findings of this research were as follows: (1)The set of Collaborative Learning Activities in the Science Subject for Grade 12 students in Thailand were composed of 7 Contents on Climate in 7 periods. It was validated by the three experts at the good level (4.29).(2) The average score of students’ science learning achievement after participation the set of Collaborative Learning Activities in a Science Subject was higher significantly than that one before participation at the level of 0.05. (3) The students had the average score of scientific literacy after participation the set of Collaborative Learning Activities in a Science Subject higher significantly than the criterion of 75 percentage at the level of 0.05.


Author Keywords:-collaborative learning activities, Grade 12 Science Subject, Science Achievement, Scientific Literacy.


STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF SCHOOL GUIDANCE PROGRAMME AMONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS WITHIN TAMALE METROPOLIS
Rev. Evans Annoh, Dr. Edward Bonnituo Kankpog
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

This study aimed to investigate students' perceptions of the school guidance program and its implications for counselling patronage among Senior High Schools within the Tamale Metropolis. A descriptive research design was adapted for the study. A proportional stratified sampling technique was used to select four Senior High Schools in the Tamale Metropolis. A total of 400 respondents sampled from the four Senior High Schools took part in the study. A self-developed structured questionnaire was used to gather information from the students. Descriptive statistics was used for the data analysis. The study revealed that orientation service in schools is a major means of creating a high awareness level of guidance and counselling program in educational institutions. The study also revealed that students have a positive attitude towards the school guidance program and considered it effective and beneficial in addressing their academic, career, personal, and anxiety concerns. Based on the findings and conclusions, it was recommended that school authorities and guidance coordinators should provide regular and ongoing information about the school guidance program for students throughout their academic journey. Also, school counsellors should continue to provide high-quality and effective services guidance services that will address the diverse needs of students.


Author Keywords:-Counselling, Guidance, Perception, Program, senior high school.


Enhancing Teaching Effectiveness in Science and Social Studies Through Active Teaching Techniques: A Practical Study from Vietnam
Hang Nguyen Thi Thu; Ngo Mai Oanh; Ho Thuy Ngan
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

This paper focuses on applying of active teaching techniques in teaching Science and Social Studies at the primary level in Vietnam. Based on a survey of 63 teachers and interviews with 12 students from primary schools in Thai Nguyen and Nam Dinh, the study evaluates the current state, perceptions, and challenges teachers face in implementing active teaching techniques. The results show that most teachers highly value the role of active teaching techniques in developing students' scientific capabilities, critical thinking, and collaborative skills. However, limited classroom space, lack of resources, and large class sizes hinder effective implementation. Consequently, this paper proposes several solutions, such as strengthening professional development, flexible use of teaching techniques, diversification of methods, and fostering positive discipline to help teachers apply active teaching techniques more effectively.


Author Keywords:- Active Teaching Techniques, Science and Social, Primary school, Competencies, Primary Students.


Filipino Notion of Motherhood: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Analysis
Aireen G. Tiamzon-Abiera
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

This paper is a hermeneutic phenomenological analysis of the traditional Filipino notion of motherhood (stay-at-home mother) vis-a-vis to the present notion of motherhood (working mother). The evident influx of mothers into the labor force challenges the traditional Filipino maternal role and the Filipino adage “Ang ina ang ilaw ng tahanan”, thus proving the dynamic development of the Filipino philosophy of motherhood. Demographics and philosophical bases of motherhood, including those working overseas (absentee mothers) and those who entrust their child/children to someone else while they are at work are considered in this paper.


Author Keywords:- Stay-at-home mother, working mother, Filipino motherhood, absentee mother, hermeneutic phenomenological


A Study of the Student-Teacher Internship Program at The Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University, Thailand
Adaka Adaugo Francisca, Pojanee MangKang Ph. D
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

This study used a descriptive mixed method study also called quantitative and qualitative research to study the current student-internship program at the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University, Thailand. The objectives were to examine the current status of the Student-Teacher internship program, the problems and best practices of the Student-Teacher Internship Program, and to propose guidelines to strengthen the effectiveness of the student-teacher Internship Program at DSRU. Two different groups of participants were involved in the data collection. The total population was 100 student-teachers posted for their internship at DSRU and the school’s administrators the sample sizes were further divided into 60 student-teachers and 10 stakeholders who were part of the school’s administrations at different levels. The study took over 6 months from May 2024 to September 2024. As for the data collection, the researcher used two methods; questionnaires with approval by expert Judgment (IOC/ Content Validity) using the Likert Scale 5-point scale; 5 for very high and 1 for very low. For the quantitative data and focused group discussion for the qualitative data collection based on the three research objectives. The findings from the study were as follows: 1) The current status of the Student-Teacher Internship Program at The Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University, showed that the input aspect overall was high level. 2) The problem aspect of the Student-Teacher Internship Program at The Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University, the input aspect overall was low-level. 3) The purpose guidelines for the school should clearly define and communicate their expectations, including specific performance objectives, project goals, and assessment criteria.


Author Keywords:- Current practices, Best practices, Internship program, student-teachers


IS FDI FLOW SATISFACTORY?
Rachana B S, Dr. KUNDAN BASAVARAJ
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

FDI play a vital role in the growth and development of the country. When country faces capital insufficiency for overall development of the nation, foreign capital is the way to fill the gaps between the domestic capital and investment. India has emerged as a significant global hub for FDI, positioning itself among the top 10 FDI destinations, as noted in the World Investment Report 2023. The country has made substantial strides to attract foreign investment through significant corporate tax cuts and the simplification of labor laws. The Present study objective is to perceive the FDI inflow is satisfactory in India.


Author Keywords:- FDI, Growth and Capital, Savings, Investment


Using Standards in The Sustainability Pursuit of the Companies: A Case Study in The Romanian Food Industry
Iuliana ZAVATIN (Chilea)1, Ioana Maria POPESCU (Iacobescu), Rodica PAMFILIE, Daniela-Ioana MANEA, Rodica LUPU (Ștefănescu)
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

Innovation and sustainability are key elements gaining important positions in public and private organizations’ agenda in recent years. Whilst innovation drives more productivity, efficiency and competitiveness, the incorporation of sustainability into the development of organizations acts as a counterbalance. It helps in directing the development of organizations towards more responsible activities in terms of environmental, economic and social impacts. Standardization offers valuable tools to orient organizational development efforts towards sustainability. Standards have recently become recognized for their potential to support sustainable development, yet there is a gap of demonstrated evidence in this regard. The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between the use or implementation of standards in organizations and the pursuit of sustainability in an important industrial sector in Romania – food industry. Based on the results obtained from surveying companies in this sector, through exploratory research, and using the quantitative re-search methods, the authors intend to find out whether organizations using standards in their activity are indeed more sustainability-oriented than the others. In doing so, this paper aims to determine which of two identified hypotheses can be scientifically supported. It also focuses on raising awareness of the fact that implementation of standards could be a proven prerequisite in pursuing sustainability.


Author Keywords:- Food sector, innovation, standards, strategy, sustainability


Breast Cancer from Illness to Social Disability
Berrada Fathi Mohammed Abdou
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

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Author Keywords:- ----


Analysis of Safety Culture Maturity Level On the Level of Work Accidents at PT PLN Greater Jakarta Distribution Unit
Muhammad Rafii Fadillah, Bambang Suhardi, Irwan Iftadi
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

PT PLN is one of the electricity industries that has a high level of work accidents, so that in carrying out its business processes PT PLN requires a good safety culture. Safety culture that runs in a company is certainly something that can be measured, one of the measurements is by assessing the safety culture maturity level. This study aims to measure and analyze the condition of safety culture maturity at PT PLN Greater Jakarta Distribution Unit (UID JAYA) because 71.4% of work accidents are dominant in the distribution function. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method that aims to describe a situation objectively using numbers, starting from data collection, interpretation of the data, as well as the appearance and results. The safety culture maturity model used is the concept of the Hudson model with a measuring instrument in the form of a questionnaire that has a total of 30 questions covering psychological, behavioral, and situational aspects. Measurements are grouped into five dimensions, namely information & communication, commitment, organizational learning, leadership & involvement, and competence. The population in this study were all workers with selected fields in the PT PLN UID JAYA work unit with a total sample of 365 people from a total population of 4174 people. The results showed that the safety culture maturity level value of PT PLN UID JAYA was 4.35. This value places the safety culture maturity level of PT PLN UID JAYA at the proactive level. However, this condition certainly does not rule out opportunities and suggestions for improvements to company conditions that are still an obstacle.


Author Keywords:- safety culture, occupational health and safety, work accident.


Civilizing the Cultivation Authenticity of Nagari’/’Kelurahan’ in West Sumatera
Dr. Drs. H. Welya Roza, MPd. Roza, Dr. H. Muslim, SH, MPd, Dr. Ineng Naini, MPd, Prof. Dr. H. Salman MN, MPd
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

-The preservation of regional languages is mandated in article 36 of UUD 1945. Unfortunately, almost no one cares, which has fatal consequences, for example, the majority of Nagari/ Kelurahan names in West Sumatra are no longer in Minangkabaunese. The research result showed that, for example, 70% (61 out of 104) of regional names in Padang City are no longer original. These names are Indonesianized or take the form of vocabulary that does not exist in Indonesian or Minangkabau. Data on regional naming errors in all Kota/Kabupaten in the West Sumatra region that were traced through Kemendagri website, even, reached 80%. Hence, there are consequences; no more following the constitution mandate, disappearing the names origin, and eliminating the next generation pride. Documentation of the authenticity of the names of Nagari/Kelurahan in West Sumatra is expected to be determined through “Peraturan Gubernur” or ‘Pergub’ by governor and “Peraturan Daerah” or ‘Perda’ by DPRD Tk I Sumbar).


Author Keywords:- Authencity, preservation, name of ‘Nagari/Kelurahan’, ‘Pergub’, ‘Perda


Comparative Analysis of the Resources Applied to Corrective and Preventive Maintenance in an Industrial Refrigeration System: Impacts On Production Efficiency
GABRIEL DE OLIVEIRA DE SANTANA1, PAULO CÉSAR SCHOTTEN
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

-Maintenance of industrial systems, especially in meatpacking plants, is essential to ensure operational efficiency and financial viability. The paper addresses the need to evaluate and compare the resources invested in planned and unplanned maintenance, with the aim of identifying whether investment in preventive maintenance contributes to increased production efficiency. The topics covered include industrial operations, maintenance in industrial operations, corrective and preventive maintenance. The research is classified as quantitative and descriptive, using a literature review and documentary research, with a study in a beef slaughterhouse located in the southeast region of Mato Grosso do Sul. The results showed that the increase in preventive maintenance practices had a positive impact on the organization's production efficiency, showing significant operational improvements. This reinforces the importance of a preventive approach to resource management and the stability of industrial operations.


Author Keywords:- Corrective maintenance, preventive maintenance, resources, efficiency.


SOCIAL AWARENESS CARE PROGRAMME AS AN UNDERCOVER OF ALPHA GENERATION THROUGH ANDROID AND WEB-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Wahyuddin, Nasir, Lina
Abstract       pdf Full text PDF

-The development of technology today has a major impact on various aspects of human life. One of them is the social aspect. Social sensitivity is the ability to be able to read, realise, and understand what is experienced by people around and their environment. This understanding becomes the basis for acting appropriately in situations that are being experienced by oneself and also others around. The accuracy of reading becomes an important basis for taking every next step. This is related to interaction patterns, communication skills, and awareness to respond to the needs of the closest people, often low social awareness will make a person have a less adaptive interaction pattern, tend to withdraw, have difficulty communicating, and are less sensitive to others or the surrounding environment, we prepared a web that will explain about ethical norms in the social environment in the implementation of the realisation of international service which is located at the Indonesian School Kuala Lumpur which is in the area of the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia Kuala Lumpur, As for the purpose of this activity to simulate how to overcome when you cannot control yourself or only focus on technology so that you ignore the surrounding community, we also prepare guidebooks related to self awwarnes to social awwarnes on how to maximise web-based information systems so that in the future the alpha generation can control themselves so that they can socialise with all groups


Author Keywords:- Social awarenes, Alpha generation, Information System