-It is stated that modernity is conceptually derived from the concept of modern. The concept of modernity corresponds to the fundamental changes and transformations experienced in a particular historical process in Europe. With the 17th century, it appears as a concept used to express social organization and ways of life with the transformations and changes seen in the cultural, social and political arena in Europe. In general, the concept of modernity refers to the secularization of European societies and the taking of rational legal authorities instead of traditional authority with the meaning and importance attached to science. In other words, the origins of modernity exist in the Age of Enlightenment, drawing strength from the idea of reason and rationality. Modernity, coming to its contemporary, contemporary meanings, represents the break from the old and the new attitude. The main research question of this study is to try to examine how the concept of modernity arose in the historical process, what it means, and what kinds of historical developments it has undergone. In this study, historical research methods, descriptive research methods and document-based data analysis were performed.

-This research examines the application of a 4-phase traffic management model using Python-based simulation software to optimize traffic flow. The study focuses on the Sukomoro intersection in Magetan Regency, which currently operates under a 3-phase traffic light system. A comprehensive methodology is employed, incorporating traffic data analysis, simulation modeling, and performance evaluation. Findings reveal that with a total capacity of 1.800 pcu/hour and a vehicle flow (Qsmp) of 1.600 pcu/hour, the intersection operates at a saturation degree (DS) of 0.89, indicating it is nearing maximum capacity. The analysis further identifies a geometric delay (DG) of 6.23 seconds per vehicle and a traffic delay (DT) of 7 seconds per vehicle, resulting in a total delay of 13.23 seconds per vehicle. The implementation of adaptive signal control and intersection synchronization demonstrates the potential to enhance capacity by up to 25%. To optimize intersection performance, the study suggests an integrated traffic management approach, including adaptive signal control, inter-intersection synchronization, and dedicated scheduling for heavy vehicles.

-Terror and terrorism have different definitions that are similar but complementary. Although terrorism is derived from the word terror, there are some differences between them. Terror is an act of violence created by the uncontrolled masses. Terrorism, on the other hand, is the conscious and deliberate use of methods of violence to achieve a political goal. There is a specific will and a purpose. With the influence of the modern age, the facilities provided by technology, communication, and transportation have helped the spread of terrorism easily and reach global dimensions. This process reveals the changing dimensions and different approaches to terrorism at national, regional, and global levels. These different approaches emerge as a problem in understanding the concept of terrorism and when used interchangeably. From this point of view, the study aims to create a new definition by explaining the concepts of terror and terrorism and other concepts derived from them. Thus, historical and descriptive research methods will be applied, as well as document-based analysis and the result will be reached. The study's hypothesis is centred on the misuse of the concepts of terror and terrorism and their concepts.

-Digital transformation is impacting the way companies and organizations operate and perform. Digital technology has become the main catalyst for change. To stay at the forefront of technological advances, companies need to rethink their business strategies and be open to adopting new tools and the changes that come with them (AI, machine learning and other advanced technologies to project management). We are witnessing a resurgence of organization tools, automation and decision support tools for managers. These tools support the emergence of the concept of the “augmented manager”, who must develop skills and competencies linked to technology, and is the result of a collaboration between the human and the digital. In this article, we will provide some answers to the question of how to implement “augmented management” in an organization, its benefits and the solutions that can help in this process of change management.

-This study aims to test the Flipped Project Based Learning (F-PjBL) model in improving entrepreneurship skills in deaf students. The trial was conducted in three cycles with the subject matter of jumputan batik. The study used an observation-based assessment design conducted by three observers to assess learners' performance in each cycle. The results showed significant improvement in performance test results for both groups tested. Group 1 experienced an increase in average score from 35% in Cycle 1 to 79.17% in Cycle 3, while Group 2 increased from 39.8% to 81.68%. This increase shows that F-PjBL effectively develops deaf learners' entrepreneurial skills. The practical and project-based approach allows learners to learn through hands-on experience, overcoming barriers to access auditory information, and strengthening skills in product manufacturing, packaging and marketing. This model provides great potential for deaf learners to become independent entrepreneurs, reduce dependence on conventional employment, and increase the chances of future success. The findings support the importance of implementing learning models that suit the specific needs of deaf learners to improve the quality of education and open up economic opportunities.

-This research aimed to examine the productivity and business performance of laying ducks, namely the percentage of egg production, feed consumption, Feed Eeg Ratio (FER), Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC). The research will be carried out in June - August 2024 at the laying duck people's farm. The laying duck business was kept for hatching eggs using a semi-intensive rearing system at the livestock company. The ducks were UD Putra Jember with the address at, Mojomulyo Village, Puger District, Jember Regency. The research method was a quantitative method and descriptive statistics, namely a field observation approach to obtain primary data which is then analyzed and described according to facts in the field. The research data was a case study of various types of primary and secondary data which helps in identifying, recapitulating data, analyzing and describing and explaining the findings during research in a comprehensive manner related to the production management evaluation of the performance of the breeding system laying duck farming business. Primary data was obtained from direct observations and interviews with duck farm owners. Secondary data to support writing the report. The research results showed that the feed used is manufactured feed, the daily feed consumption obtained during the research was 116.94 g/head/day, the percentage of daily egg production was 80.07%; average egg weight 58.76 g/piece; FER 2.44 and cracked eggs 0.4%, price of egg per egg is IDR 3500, mortality is 0.06%. B/C analysis is 0.4 and R/C is 1.4 and IOFC was 3,092.

-Human resources in terms of employees are also participatory and work well if the company is able to create a conducive working environment and climate to achieve organizational goals. This study aims to find efforts to improve employee performance through the application of total quality management and self-efficacy. The sampling technique uses proportional random sampling with the Yamane calculation formula with a precision level of 5% of the sample number of 175 SME employees. Ordinal data is converted into interval-scaled metric data. The instrument testing method uses validity test, reliability test and classical assumption test. The analysis method uses path analysis (Path Analisys). The results of the study explained that the categories of total quality management implementation were good, good self-efficacy, and good employee performance. There is a direct influence of both total quality management and self-efficacy on employee performance. There is a joint influence of total quality management and self-efficacy on employee performance. There is a relationship between total quality management and self-efficacy. Meanwhile, the mostinfluential factor in improving employee performance is total quality management.

-This study examines the intergenerational transmission of child abuse in Hausa Muslim families in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, with a focus on the role of Islamic teachings in parenting. It investigates how abusive behaviors, often masked as discipline, are passed down and whether Islamic values reinforce or challenge these practices. The research explores the intersection of religion, culture, and child-rearing, analyzing how cultural norms shape disciplinary approaches within families. Using a qualitative approach, data is gathered through interviews, focus groups, observations, and document analysis, involving parents, grandparents, imams, and community leaders. Thematic and content analysis techniques identify patterns in child-rearing practices and assess the alignment between religious teachings and actual behavior. Preliminary findings indicate a discrepancy between Islamic principles—emphasizing compassion and justice—and cultural norms that prioritize strict obedience and discipline. This gap suggests that religious teachings on childcare may be overshadowed by deeply rooted cultural expectations. The study’s significance lies in its potential to guide interventions that promote positive parenting practices rooted in Islamic values. By offering culturally and religiously sensitive insights, it can help policymakers, religious leaders, and educators develop strategies that both respect local traditions and address child abuse. Ultimately, the research seeks to reduce the cycle of abusive behaviors within Hausa Muslim families by advocating for parenting approaches that align with the core principles of Islam.

Urbanization patterns, demographic trends, and labor markets are all greatly impacted by migration, a basic socioeconomic activity. In this study, the Madhyapur Thimi Municipality in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, is examined for its in-migration patterns, causes, and impacts. The study examines the association between migration and important socioeconomic characteristics like age, ethnicity, education, and employment using primary data from 180 in-migrants and statistical techniques like chi-square tests. Economic prospects (31.67%) and the need for improved living conditions (33.33%) are the main factors driving migration, according to the findings. A sizable portion of in-migrants are employed, and there has been a discernible shift from agriculture to service-oriented occupations. The findings highlight the necessity of measures that increase migrant workers' access to jobs, healthcare, and education. In addition to providing insightful information about urban migration in Nepal, this study lays the groundwork for comparative research in other urban areas of the nation.

The female labor force participation rate (FLFPR) remains low globally, despite an equal gender distribution. Its improvement is essential for achieving social and economic development by empowering women and enhancing demographic dividends (DDs). However, climate change results from human CO2 emissions. Understanding the impact of FLFPR on CO2 emissions across different DD stages is vital for augmenting DDs while minimizing CO2 emissions. This panel study innovatively investigates how FLFPR affects CO2 emissions globally and in Pre, Early, Late, and Post DD countries using the extended STIRPAT model from 1990 to 2019. The study employed Driscoll-Kraay robust standard error regression and the Dumitrescu–Hurlin causality test. The empirical results highlight that FLFPR lowers CO2 emissions globally and in all DD panels. Additionally, FLFPR exhibits a U-shaped relationship with CO2 emissions during the pre-and late-DD stages but an inverse U-shaped relationship during the early- and post-DD stages globally. Furthermore, FLFPR demonstrates bidirectional causality with CO2 emissions globally and at all dividend levels. This new evidence may assist policymakers in optimizing FLFPR, maximizing the first demographic dividends, and reducing CO2 emissions simultaneously.

The aim of this research is to present the recurrence of taboo in advertising in Cameroon by highlighting the different stagings often chosen by advertisers. A content analysis of 2335 ads from a magazine and a TV channel from 2002 to 2016 was carried out. The results show that only 1.02% of ads in these media depict taboos in a non-provocative way. Surprisingly, 91.67% of these ads came from TV. Female nudity and menstruation are the most frequently used taboos. In this context, this research points to the socio-cultural effects induced by the use of taboos by advertisers, limited by simple social prohibitions, which deserve to be studied in depth.

The tension between humanity’s desire for meaning and the universe’s perceived indifference, engendered by existentialism and the aftermath of World II, has significantly shaped contemporary literary writings. The basic essence of existence and the underlying structural order and significance of life on Earth have since been under intense scrutiny. Literary writers challenge the orderly, meaningful, and well-structured world that modernity represents. In an attempt to portray the world and life in their purest forms of meaninglessness, absurdism emerged. This paper undertakes a hermeneutical analysis of the human aspirations and transcendence that go beyond the absurd in Soyinka’s Death and the King’s Horseman and Ruganda’s Echoes of Silence. The study is anchored on Postmodernist literary theory as advanced by Derrida, Lyotard, Jameson, and Delaney (2005), and Marxism as proposed by Marx and Engels (1848). It employs an analytical research design within the qualitative research approach. Data are collected from the two texts via textual coding, allowing a blend of thematic, discourse, and narrative textual analyses. Significantly, the study reveals how the African worldview offers pathways of transcending the absurd and seemingly meaninglessness of life. The findings include: hope as a mechanism of transcendence; absurdity defied through the journey metaphor; and the existential reconciliation of meaning and transcendence in the afterlife. This paper concludes that the absurd exists in the triumph of the transcendence.

This study aims to explore the impact of campaign disclosure and the quality of campaign images on the effectiveness of nonprofit organizations. A simple linear regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between disclosure and image quality on the effectiveness of these organizations. Data were collected from a sample of nonprofit organizations by evaluating their digital campaigns and audience engagement. The results revealed that disclosure had a moderate impact on organizational effectiveness, while image quality exhibited a weak to moderate relationship with effectiveness. These findings suggest that transparency enhances trust and effectiveness, while visual quality influences emotional engagement with the campaigns. The study contributes valuable insights into improving digital campaign strategies, emphasizing the need to incorporate additional factors such as content type and continuous updates to maximize impact. It recommends further research to explore the interactions between these factors and other unexamined variables.

As global environmental concerns rise, Taiwan has introduced a 2050 net-zero carbon roadmap, prompting companies to adopt green human resource management (GHRM) to enhance their green enterprise image. This study explores the relationship between GHRM and green enterprise image, examining whether environmental dynamism affects green intellectual capital, using Importance-Performance Matrix Analysis (IPMA) and multi-group analysis to compare small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with large enterprises. A snowball sampling method surveyed 227 employees from companies implementing GHRM in Taiwan, analyzed using Smart PLS. Results indicate that GHRM positively influences green enterprise image, with green intellectual capital partially mediating the relationship. However, environmental dynamism has no moderating effect. Green relationship capital is a key driver of green enterprise image, whereas GHRM, though important, underperforms and requires improvement. Differences in the green relationship capital-green enterprise image link exist between SMEs and large enterprises. The study suggests that businesses should enhance GHRM processes, strengthen green intellectual capital, and refine human resource strategies to improve corporate sustainability, establish a stronger green enterprise image, and gain a competitive advantage in the market.

We undertake the present study of the most successful epistolary work Pepita Jiménez to show in the first place the expressions of love through the realism of Juan Valera, and in a second place the didactic aspect or the existential didactics that comes from it. In the work, the author opposes earthly love to divine love and it turns out that it is the earthly that triumphs, thus it is understood from the author's ideology that many ways take to God. It means that apart of love for God, there is also the love for women that can save men and provides them better life and happiness. The analytical and thematic study of this narrative that revolutionized the Spanish literary and realist panorama emphasizes analysing love in various senses and gives impetus to research hypotheses that demonstrate the choice of heuristic methods for its development. Using aesthetic, objective, comparative, and analytical methods, we were able to carry it out. This analysis provides us two different but complementary visions of the theme: divine love that restricts access to the mundane, and earthly love that evaluates the possibility of living happily with a woman God’s way. We notice that Juan Valera made a philosophical and literary innovation that caught the attention of readers, authors, critics, psychologists and religious people, which turned the work into a universal controversial object that continues to be updated till today.

The development of computer technology is increasingly rapid, this encourages teachers to prefer computer-related media. Learning subjects (maple) using Construct media has not been widely done, because the Construct program is a new program that has not been widely used in the world of education. Construct-based interactive media is media created using the Construct program with the subject matter of mathematical maple material. The methods that will be used in the implementation of this service are socialization, practice, mentoring, and evaluation. This training material will be carried out in 2 stages where the first stage will focus more on providing information about the material related to the role of multimedia in learning using applications. This information is very important so that training participants get an idea of the role of technology in learning, as well as the importance of training as a form of teacher self-development. The second phase of training will focus on training in media creation using the Construct application, the management of learning materials. With this multimedia, teachers are expected to be able to provide additional learning and evaluation anytime and anywhere.

The role of the family like parents and grandparents influences to growth and development of children in the countryside. Grandma plays an role important in the care, and fulfillment need for nutrition. Grandma is considered the spearhead of success in giving healthy food when parents currently work. Research This aims to know the role of grandma in the prevention of stunting incidents in rural areas. A qualitative study with approach phenomenology. Selection of informants with use of purposive sampling technique and data collection with technique interview in depth on 13 informant grandmother, mother and health workers. The data analysis process uses thematic analysis. Research results This finds that grandma in the countryside has a very influence and has become a very important figure in the prevention of stunting, especially when parents work. However, the role of grandma is not enough attention and lacks involvement in the stunting prevention program. Knowledge grandma about pattern care, processing, and fulfillment nutrition for mothers' pregnancy and good child is very important to prevent the occurrence of low birth weight and stunting incidence, but in reality, no Lots grandma own sufficient knowledge in growth and development of children, including giving good nutrition for 1000 days life. The need to improve the capacity of Grandma in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior to pattern foster children and proper nutrition in the prevention of stunting.