Humanitarian organizations operating in high-risk environments face persistent challenges in ensuring the safety and security of their staff and sustaining operations amid insecurity and humanitarian crises. Relocation and evacuation procedures are vital components of contingency planning in humanitarian security risk management. Effective contingency planning requires robust relocation and evacuation protocols that prioritize staff safety and, where applicable, the protection of dependents. While relocations and evacuations are critical components of humanitarian security risk management, existing frameworks often lack clarity, consistency, and operational applicability. This study examines how humanitarian organizations can strengthen the design and implementation of relocation and evacuation plans in high-risk operational contexts. It analyses current practices, identifies gaps, and draws lessons from case studies and past emergencies to highlight the essential elements of effective planning, aligning policy with practice. Building on policy guidance, case studies and field experience, the research develops an operational framework tailored to navigate insecurity and sustain operations in high-risk environments. The proposed framework blends operational structure, practical field guidance, and policy and governance level recommendations. The framework enhances staff safety and security, organizational resilience and supports the continuity of life-saving humanitarian assistance while upholding humanitarian principles. By offering a structured and context-sensitive framework, this study contributes to strengthening humanitarian security risk management in high risk environments.

In recent years, the increasing number of holiday promotions has affected people's consumption psychology and behavior to a certain extent. This research aims to examine the current situation of people's impulsive consumption under the holiday promotion scenario and its influencing factors, especially the direct and indirect impact of personality characteristics and materialism on impulsive consumption. 311 copies of valid data were collected using the thinking and speed scale, materialism scale and impulsive purchasing behavior scale in the MBTI personality scale. The results show that: (1) consumers' materialism is at the upper-middle level and impulsive consumption is at the upper-middle level; (2) There is a significant negative correlation between the way of thinking (intuitive type) and speed of action (judgment type) and impulse consumption in the personality traits of consumers; the way of thinking and speed of action are significantly negatively related to materialism. Department; There is a significant positive correlation between materialism and impulsive consumption; (3) Materialism plays a partial intermediary role between the dimension of personality characteristic thinking and impulsive consumption behavior, and materialism plays a complete intermediary role between the dimension of action speed and impulsive consumption behavior. This study found that the way of thinking, speed of action, and materialism directly and indirectly affect impulsive consumption, suggesting that people can reduce impulsive consumption by increasing rational evaluation, consumption evaluation analysis and reducing the dispersion of cognitive resources

In the Moroccan context, electoral campaigns constitute the ideal moment to observe the strategic use of certain linguistic signs and their transformation into fixed lexical units which circulate in the public and media space to become an ideological label specific to each discursive formation. These expressions reinforce the persuasive effectiveness of the speech by creating a feeling of familiarity and legitimacy. It can also function within discursive formation to give political speech its ideological consistency.

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that remains a major public health challenge in Indonesia. Various factors may contribute to the occurrence of stunting, including a history of infectious diseases and low birth weight (LBW). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between a history of infectious diseases and LBW with the incidence of stunting among toddlers. Methods: This study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 72 toddlers were selected using a purposive sampling technique in the working area of the Southeast Pontianak Community Health Center, Pontianak District. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-square test. Results: The results showed a significant relationship between a history of infectious diseases and the incidence of stunting (p = 0.03; OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.05–8.165). Toddlers with a history of infectious diseases had a 2.9 times greater risk of experiencing stunting compared with those without such a history. However, no significant relationship was found between low birth weight and stunting (p = 0.78; OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 0.32–2.35). Conclusion: A history of infectious diseases is a significant factor associated with stunting among toddlers. Therefore, stunting prevention efforts should focus on controlling infectious diseases, improving environmental sanitation, and strengthening maternal and child health services.